Files
PrimAITE/src/primaite/game/agent/interface.py
2024-05-31 15:00:18 +01:00

226 lines
8.7 KiB
Python

"""Interface for agents."""
from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, TYPE_CHECKING
from gymnasium.core import ActType, ObsType
from pydantic import BaseModel, model_validator
from primaite.game.agent.actions import ActionManager
from primaite.game.agent.observations.observation_manager import ObservationManager
from primaite.game.agent.rewards import RewardFunction
from primaite.interface.request import RequestFormat, RequestResponse
if TYPE_CHECKING:
pass
class AgentHistoryItem(BaseModel):
"""One entry of an agent's action log - what the agent did and how the simulator responded in 1 step."""
timestep: int
"""Timestep of this action."""
action: str
"""CAOS Action name."""
parameters: Dict[str, Any]
"""CAOS parameters for the given action."""
request: RequestFormat
"""The request that was sent to the simulation based on the CAOS action chosen."""
response: RequestResponse
"""The response sent back by the simulator for this action."""
reward: Optional[float] = None
class AgentStartSettings(BaseModel):
"""Configuration values for when an agent starts performing actions."""
start_step: int = 5
"The timestep at which an agent begins performing it's actions"
frequency: int = 5
"The number of timesteps to wait between performing actions"
variance: int = 0
"The amount the frequency can randomly change to"
@model_validator(mode="after")
def check_variance_lt_frequency(self) -> "AgentStartSettings":
"""
Make sure variance is equal to or lower than frequency.
This is because the calculation for the next execution time is now + (frequency +- variance). If variance were
greater than frequency, sometimes the bracketed term would be negative and the attack would never happen again.
"""
if self.variance > self.frequency:
raise ValueError(
f"Agent start settings error: variance must be lower than frequency "
f"{self.variance=}, {self.frequency=}"
)
return self
class AgentSettings(BaseModel):
"""Settings for configuring the operation of an agent."""
start_settings: Optional[AgentStartSettings] = None
"Configuration for when an agent begins performing it's actions"
flatten_obs: bool = True
"Whether to flatten the observation space before passing it to the agent. True by default."
@classmethod
def from_config(cls, config: Optional[Dict]) -> "AgentSettings":
"""Construct agent settings from a config dictionary.
:param config: A dict of options for the agent settings.
:type config: Dict
:return: The agent settings.
:rtype: AgentSettings
"""
if config is None:
return cls()
return cls(**config)
class AbstractAgent(ABC):
"""Base class for scripted and RL agents."""
def __init__(
self,
agent_name: Optional[str],
action_space: Optional[ActionManager],
observation_space: Optional[ObservationManager],
reward_function: Optional[RewardFunction],
agent_settings: Optional[AgentSettings] = None,
) -> None:
"""
Initialize an agent.
:param agent_name: Unique string identifier for the agent, for reporting and multi-agent purposes.
:type agent_name: Optional[str]
:param action_space: Action space for the agent.
:type action_space: Optional[ActionManager]
:param observation_space: Observation space for the agent.
:type observation_space: Optional[ObservationSpace]
:param reward_function: Reward function for the agent.
:type reward_function: Optional[RewardFunction]
"""
self.agent_name: str = agent_name or "unnamed_agent"
self.action_manager: Optional[ActionManager] = action_space
self.observation_manager: Optional[ObservationManager] = observation_space
self.reward_function: Optional[RewardFunction] = reward_function
self.agent_settings = agent_settings or AgentSettings()
self.history: List[AgentHistoryItem] = []
def update_observation(self, state: Dict) -> ObsType:
"""
Convert a state from the simulator into an observation for the agent using the observation space.
state : dict state directly from simulation.describe_state
output : dict state according to CAOS.
"""
return self.observation_manager.update(state)
def update_reward(self, state: Dict) -> float:
"""
Use the reward function to calculate a reward from the state.
:param state: State of the environment.
:type state: Dict
:return: Reward from the state.
:rtype: float
"""
return self.reward_function.update(state=state, last_action_response=self.history[-1])
@abstractmethod
def get_action(self, obs: ObsType, timestep: int = 0) -> Tuple[str, Dict]:
"""
Return an action to be taken in the environment.
Subclasses should implement agent logic here. It should use the observation as input to decide best next action.
:param obs: Observation of the environment.
:type obs: ObsType
:param timestep: The current timestep in the simulation, used for non-RL agents. Optional
:type timestep: int
:return: Action to be taken in the environment.
:rtype: Tuple[str, Dict]
"""
# in RL agent, this method will send CAOS observation to RL agent, then receive a int 0-39,
# then use a bespoke conversion to take 1-40 int back into CAOS action
return ("DO_NOTHING", {})
def format_request(self, action: Tuple[str, Dict], options: Dict[str, int]) -> List[str]:
# this will take something like APPLICATION.EXECUTE and add things like target_ip_address in simulator.
# therefore the execution definition needs to be a mapping from CAOS into SIMULATOR
"""Format action into format expected by the simulator, and apply execution definition if applicable."""
request = self.action_manager.form_request(action_identifier=action, action_options=options)
return request
def process_action_response(
self, timestep: int, action: str, parameters: Dict[str, Any], request: RequestFormat, response: RequestResponse
) -> None:
"""Process the response from the most recent action."""
self.history.append(
AgentHistoryItem(
timestep=timestep, action=action, parameters=parameters, request=request, response=response
)
)
def save_reward_to_history(self) -> None:
"""Update the most recent history item with the reward value."""
self.history[-1].reward = self.reward_function.current_reward
class AbstractScriptedAgent(AbstractAgent):
"""Base class for actors which generate their own behaviour."""
@abstractmethod
def get_action(self, obs: ObsType, timestep: int = 0) -> Tuple[str, Dict]:
"""Return an action to be taken in the environment."""
return super().get_action(obs=obs, timestep=timestep)
class ProxyAgent(AbstractAgent):
"""Agent that sends observations to an RL model and receives actions from that model."""
def __init__(
self,
agent_name: Optional[str],
action_space: Optional[ActionManager],
observation_space: Optional[ObservationManager],
reward_function: Optional[RewardFunction],
agent_settings: Optional[AgentSettings] = None,
) -> None:
super().__init__(
agent_name=agent_name,
action_space=action_space,
observation_space=observation_space,
reward_function=reward_function,
)
self.most_recent_action: ActType
self.flatten_obs: bool = agent_settings.flatten_obs if agent_settings else False
def get_action(self, obs: ObsType, timestep: int = 0) -> Tuple[str, Dict]:
"""
Return the agent's most recent action, formatted in CAOS format.
:param obs: Observation for the agent. Not used by ProxyAgents, but required by the interface.
:type obs: ObsType
:param timestep: Current simulation timestep. Not used by ProxyAgents, bur required for the interface.
:type timestep: int
:return: Action to be taken in CAOS format.
:rtype: Tuple[str, Dict]
"""
return self.action_manager.get_action(self.most_recent_action)
def store_action(self, action: ActType):
"""
Store the most recent action taken by the agent.
The environment is responsible for calling this method when it receives an action from the agent policy.
"""
self.most_recent_action = action